2020 Collective Articles Archives - Dr. Hossam Badrawi

Dr. Badrawi, guest of cnbc

Dr. Hossam Badrawi — Wed, 30 Dec 2020 13:16:07 +0000

Dr. Hossam Badrawi in a dialogue about investing in health care in Egypt and its impact on the Covid epidemic, and about the two faxes against the virus and its uses

https://www.youtube.com/watch?fbclid=IwAR0My2WfeduYKln7YZohmSjD-NBGB3R98P-UTPbC2SexCYiCZ1osz0QgRwE&v=F7W364zFGg8&feature=youtu.be

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Calling young people to protect the homeland

Dr. Hossam Badrawi — Wed, 30 Dec 2020 13:12:14 +0000

This dialogue took place between experts from my friends and the youth of “Tomorrow Dreamers” about human rights and the attack that Egypt is being subjected to from human rights organizations at home and abroad, as well as what was issued by the European Union Parliament criticizing Egypt in this regard.

I hesitated a lot to publish the dialogue for fear of misunderstanding here and there, and accusations that might get me just to open and publish the dialogue, especially as we are at the beginning of a new year. But I told myself that mostly what happens between the elites and the youth, if it remains imprisoned without venting, it may explode in a moment without introductions.. and we are in a stage that does not bear the consequences of instability or the chaos of the riots, and it is better for stability that everyone knows that there is a dialogue going on and ideas It is traded in the light and not in the darkness of invisibility.

The dialogue began when a young man referred to an article by Professor Imad Hussein, writer and member of the Senate, on Al-Shorouk website, and he read to us from it:

Is the best Egyptian response to the strong criticisms issued by the European Parliament a few days ago regarding the human rights file in Egypt, only insults and criticism?!

The European Parliament sharply criticized the Egyptian authorities, demanded the release of many prisoners, and even named about 25 names.

Unfortunately, most of the Egyptian responses were not at the level of the event, and were not in the right direction from my point of view, and I hope I am wrong!

The biggest mistake made by the majority of those who came to the fore was that their speech was directed at the Egyptian interior, not the outside that issued the report, as if we were “good news for the believers,” as they say!

What will we gain, when the core of all our discourse is that the West is unjust and slanderous and uses double standards, has double standards on human rights, and is unjust and arrogant?

There is no objection to addressing the interior and evangelizing the believers in order to increase the cohesion of the home front, but besides that, we must learn the language spoken by the world.

His colleague added:

Some organizations may actually be biased and have clear goals against Egypt as a country and not just against the regime.

Another young man replied: But the writer warns us that in the case of the European Parliament’s report, the matter is different, even if its decisions are not binding on governments, as it represents the peoples of all Europe. The writer says: It is politics, not principles, that govern everything, but once again we have to look for a new and different way to deal with this thorny file, and that the response to criticism is not only with seminars, statements, comparisons, and “evangelism among believers,” all of which are important things. But with different practical responses that address those who criticize us and refute their criticism, or call for an amendment in some plans and tracks, so as not to fall into the “traps set” around us!!

My friend, Mohamed Madkour, the educated and expert, replied:

Sadeed saw, Isn’t the time come for a common word, you people of Egypt, its intellectuals, and its youth, to establish a national platform. Respectable. A supporter of the Egyptian track addressing the outside world in its own language through platforms read by it?

I have already put this invitation to a group of us and in other forums. Despite the “traditional-typical diplomatic reservation” I was met with, I would venture to re-brand it in the midst of this gathering of experts and young people.

One of the young men said: Don’t our embassies play this role abroad and parliament in accountability at home?!

One of my diplomatic friends present commented:

Embassies cannot move abroad alone, guys, nor can they do so in the absence of a powerful media office that can keep pace with others in counter-propaganda.

Another friend commented and said: Certainly, most of us have had individual opportunities, separated, to respond to many of these slanders or to defend positions that are acceptable. But what I mean, and perhaps “the weakest of faith,” is the creation of a civil platform, through electronic communication platforms, that addresses the outside in a language that it can read, transmitting a voice that complements the official discourse, which may have credibility with a different taste.

A third said: We have to start from the point that we have a problem, because there is no point in any suggestion to start from the point that there is a conspiracy against us or that all that is said are allegations without evidence and salvation.

It is natural to start from the point of analyzing the current situation, which requires submitting an objective and detailed report on the human rights situation in Egypt. Human rights in Egypt, the state accepted him despite many criticisms of it, and the international bodies accepted him at the time for his impartiality, and then believed him in what he says of the positives that the state has done.

The Council, along with Parliament and the Human Rights Committee in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, must hold hearings for all stakeholders to identify the facts, and then have a report, which can be used to respond to any malicious allegations, and recommend the preparation of some tracks if there is a need.

Thus, we have dealt with the problem and did not evade and address the world forcefully.

A troublesome, intelligent young man said with a smile: By God, it is a logical and sound proposition. Why not adopt this rich group with its diversity and the weight of its experiences, which we respectfully discuss while we are with it as young people, a parallel platform, addressing and conversing in English, with a corresponding group of your acquaintances from intellectuals and thinkers all over the world. And I believe that with perseverance, you will make a platform like this a huge presence and follow-up.

Another friend said: Opening channels of dialogue with influential figures abroad is a patriotic duty, and it may be useful to review the book The Disinformation Age, which means in Arabic “the intended false information age,” which answers many of the questions you raised today with young people.

The young man said: The question remains, what are we and you doing?

I said: It is all sane and sober, but unfortunately, I think that the corridors of the official state do not trust civil society enough to leave it freedom of movement in this context, and there is no value for what we will say abroad, if it is a repetition of what the official state repeats in its responses to foreign transgressions here And there.

In order for there to be more than one platform that can stand in the way of the expansion of the Brotherhood and the enemies of the homeland, as well

Whoever will have weight in speaking abroad must not be just a clapper for the government at home in what is right and wrong, and most of those who do not make mistakes.

Whoever has credibility must sometimes disagree and be trusted by the state at the same time. This is a balance that the state must understand and allow a space of freedom that allows us to defend the homeland without being a chorus of hypocrites, and they are unfortunately many these days.

One young man commented:

Perhaps your articles, Doctor Hossam in “Al-Masry Al-Youm”, indicate that the chest of the state is expanding more than it was before, which we welcome and give us hope to say what is going on in our minds without fear or dread, in light of what we learn from you of self-restraint, good faith, and obtaining our rights through legitimate means. , respect for the law.

Doctor, we are conscious youth, capable of sane, not vulgar, and balanced presentation of our homeland when we have the right information and when you have acceptance of our differences sometimes and our mistakes at other times.

And if you and your peers with experience do not rise to such a challenge, which is due at home and abroad, and we are with you, then who is for it? Let’s gather our energies with your expertise and protect the country.

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home physiology

Dr. Hossam Badrawi — Tue, 22 Dec 2020 23:59:46 +0000

home physiology
Hossam Badrawi
The intelligent young man said: We know, Doctor, your scientific and medical interests, as well as your numerous readings in physics and philosophy.. So what can you tell us about the intertwining of knowledge between the quality of your readings?
I said to him and to a group of young dreamers: I will give you examples of what I sometimes think of on this subject. For example: the more you delve into the knowledge of the human body, its anatomy and physiology, you will find that the greatness of God in His creation is the basis of our life philosophy, which we think is material in the course of our day, from movement, eating, drinking, roads, transportation, law, police, army, government and people. We get carried away in disputes here and there around it, and we forget that the creation and composition of the human body is the basis of engineering, dynamics, physics, chemistry and other positive sciences in which humans excel.
The educated young woman said: Clarify your words and increase our knowledge.
I said: Come with me on a journey inside the person, and compare it with the city in which we live, and the homeland in which we live.. Yes, the human body, the city and the homeland!
For example, a person’s life depends on his ability to breathe and to introduce oxygen through his lungs to every cell in him. A simple fact taught by the illiterate, the educated, the doctor who revives him at the time of suffocation, and the murderer who, if he wants to end a person’s life, by suffocating him and preventing fresh air from him, despite his ignorance of physiology.
The oxygen reaches every cell, carried in the blood within the small and large blood vessels, in an integrated network that reaches the organs and their cells, for each of them to do its job.
If any of these blood vessels become clogged according to their location, this may lead to amputation of a limb, but if it becomes blocked in an important organ, it may lead to death, such as the heart or brain.
What is the lung of the city? .. Its lung is in its gardens and vegetables, gardens that must be commensurate with the number of residents in the neighborhood and the city. If the lungs of the city were not present, it suffocated as a person suffocates, if his lungs contract or his body refrains from inhaling oxygen, and the lungs of the planet are in its forests and gardens.
What about the human circulatory system, its arteries and veins, which it represents in the architecture of the city, its roads and transportation, which transport food to every place in the body?
And as in the human being, the great arteries branch off, and highways are represented in the city into secondary roads and branches of branches.. And so in a construction that has a logic that allows the smooth movement of blood and what it carries without stopping.. If the arteries become clogged, the person becomes ill, and he may die. And if it narrowed with clots and cholesterol on both sides, the movement froze and the smoothness and swelling of the body stopped, or the organ stopped working…
In anatomy, we know exactly where every artery goes and where it branches, and in modern countries as well, if they do not have a clear road network that allows smooth movement, the city gets sick and may die, and the homeland becomes sick and its growth stops.
Another example, the human body receives food from its digestive system, absorbs from it whatever it wants, and the excreta is excreted from the body with urine, feces and sweat. To get rid of her – if she did not have an account, the city fell and fell ill.
Just as the human body excretes its waste regularly, or else it fails and dies, urine comes out of its urinary system, which if it does not come out of the kidney, it stops working.. Also in the city, it must have a device for delivering water and excreting liquid waste. The sewage system is one of the most important devices for the city to live.
Another example, if the human body is attacked by germs or viruses, the damage control system works to reach the place of penetration of the body represented by the immune and control systems, and the temperature rises because the body is in a battle that ends with victims of white blood cells that intervened to fight the intruders, or to block the place of blood leakage And the body comes to rebuild the part that was damaged. Is this not similar to the police and defense agencies in the homeland, where the body recognizes and judges the type of damage by sensors that send messages to the nervous system to move the body’s defenses at the right time with identification devices that determine whether it is out of order or not, and judge and decide, like the judicial authorities in the city, on the cause of damage? !.
The mind, sensors, the means of immunity and construction are the government of the nation, its spirit and soul, inspiring and strengthening it to remain coherent and healthy, so that its cells grow, transcend its members and be happy with its existence. But if the immune systems attack the body’s cells unnecessarily, and the body begins to fight itself, or on the pretext that it may be infected with disease or an autoimmune disease, then it will kill the body under the pretext of protecting it as happens in autoimmune diseases, and by analogy with what is happening in the homelands.
Other times, a person does not get sick from outside, but the cells start to go crazy and eat around them and infect organs like cancer, and here the body may not be able – especially if its organs are weak, and its immunity is eroded – to win this battle except by completely eradicating the cancer body and those around it and from Feed him, and only returned again and finished the rest of the body and finished.
The human body is God’s creation, and if a society wants to live in a village, city, or homeland, it must know its anatomy and physiology, and know that the greatest harm may come from the least evil.
How many times have we seen a person lose his life due to a stroke in his brain, or to a hemorrhage or to a burst in an artery? How much has the quality of life been eroded by stopping the work of the kidney or liver?
How many a body collapsed and suffocated because of the lack of oxygen from its lungs reaching every cell in it, or even just because it was not able to get rid of its waste and its outputs?!.
The circulatory system, with its arteries and veins again, is the body’s means for delivering food and getting rid of waste products for each of the trillions of cells in our body. And transportation in its cities..Let us take the lesson in our lives from God’s creation and the physiology of his biological management of every human being simply and easily.. The painful truth is that we do not manage our lives efficiently at all levels, and we need a scientific pause, and we think of solutions that we call outside the box..and

The fact that it is in front of us and inside us and possible and easy.
Let’s look at the human body and our lives and take a lesson. The homeland must have a maestro who knows what is going on and coordinates and harmonizes with the vocabulary of its needs in a balanced way, and protects its cells from destruction, whether internal or external, with the continuation of construction and renewal. The nation’s mind and nervous system is its government, which must be chosen carefully, and its efficiency should always be judged.. The nation’s spirit is the set of human values that people have agreed upon through the experience of years, the integration of the wisdom of religions, their spiritual values, human experiences and their imaginations, and respect for the progress made by each generation over those who preceded it.
We as individuals represent the cells of the body, and our health comes from the health of the whole body, and our country is our body, and we are its cells. For the body to be healthy, we must be healthy, and in order to live, grow and multiply, the homeland must be healthy and complete.
We do not underestimate any function of the nation’s body, no matter how trivial or small, and let us renew, multiply, grow and multiply, for every cell has a role, and every organ in the body has a function.
Connecting sciences may lead us to the path, so take it easy on the cells of the homeland, its mind, and its nervous system.
Connecting sciences may lead us to the path, so take it easy on the cells of the homeland, its mind, and its nervous system

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The President’s assignment to the government

Dr. Hossam Badrawi — Wed, 16 Dec 2020 16:11:52 +0000

The President’s assignment to the government
The young follower said: We have read, Dr. Hossam, about the president’s assignment to the government to implement the transformation of the country into a modern civil state, and this has pleased us and raised hope in it, so what do you think, and what is the assignment?
His colleague, a graduate of political science, said: This will be considered a continuation of what we have proposed regarding the application of the articles of the constitution in the previous discussion, as it came in the introduction to the constitution and in its following articles:
“We are now writing a constitution to complete the construction of a modern democratic state with a civil government.”.. “The political system is based on political and partisan pluralism, the peaceful transfer of power, the separation and balance between powers, responsibility and authority, and respect for human rights and freedoms as set out in the constitution. ».
This is the preamble to the constitution and its fifth article, which the Egyptian people approved by an overwhelming majority in 2014, and neither this introduction nor the fifth article were followed by amendments in 2019 as happened to others. The constitution is our reference in managing and preserving Egypt.
The educated young woman said: What is the civil state intended by the president, and by the constitution, the matter may be mixed in the interpretation, because the second articles of the constitution say: “Islam is the religion of the state, the Arabic language is its official language, and the principles of Islamic Sharia are the main source of legislation,” which some may interpret as a trend. Towards a religious state?!
And her colleague said: Why do we want a civil state in the first place, and why do we call it this name, which makes it in contrast to the religious state or the military state, which raises sensitivities without meaning?
Another said: O people, in contrast to the second article, there is the fourth article which says: (Article 4
Sovereignty is for the people alone, who exercises it and protects it, and it is the source of authority, and it preserves its national unity, which is based on the principles of equality, justice and equal opportunities for all citizens, in the manner set out in the Constitution.
I thought for a while, and found that it was necessary for me to clarify the history of these constitutional articles and their meanings in a framework that would teach young people that these discussions had taken place before, and that they had been interpreted in a manner that preserved our country’s orientation towards modernity and civic.
I told them: The second article of the constitution entered into it in 1971, and it did not exist before in the first rule of Sadat, and it said: “The principles of Islamic Sharia are a major source of legislation.” Then it was amended in 1980 by putting “the” into the word “source” to become “the source.” Main Legislation” as part of a deal between Sadat and the religious Salafist movement in exchange for amending the article that allows the president to be re-elected any number of times. However, the Supreme Constitutional Court clarified that the principles of Islamic Sharia are “the legal rulings that are final in their evidence and significance.” It is these provisions alone that may not be subject to ijtihad. Diligence is adhered to.
As for the modern civil state, it protects all members of society regardless of their national, religious or intellectual affiliations. There are several principles that should be present in the civil state, and if one of them is missing, the conditions of that state will not be fulfilled, the most important of which is that the state is based on peace, tolerance, acceptance of others and equality in rights and duties, so that it guarantees the rights of all citizens, not as a gift from the ruler but as a right of his duty to preserve on him.
One of the most important principles of a civil state is that no individual is subject to a violation of his rights by another individual or party. There is always a supreme authority that is the authority of the state, through law-enforced mechanisms, which individuals resort to when their rights are violated or threatened to be violated. It is the state that applies the law and prevents the parties from applying forms of punishment themselves.
The civil state is characterized by equal opportunities between citizens and institutions on declared bases, as well as faith and the application of the principle of citizenship, which means that the individual is not known by his profession, religion, territory, money or authority, but is known by a social legal definition as a citizen, that is, he is a member of society with rights and duties. It is equal to all citizens.
One of the most important principles of the civil state is that it is not established by mixing religion with politics. Nor does it hostile or reject religion. Rather, religion remains in the civil state a factor in building morals and creating the energy for work, achievement, and progress. What the civil state rejects is the use of religion to achieve political goals. narrow worldly interests.
The civil state is also characterized by the principle of respect for the law and democracy, which in essence prevents the state from being forcibly taken by an individual, an elite, a family, or an ideological tendency, and power is transferred in it within a framework of individual freedom of expression, candidacy and election, and all its institutions are placed within the scope of accountability, and a balance The executive, supervisory and judicial authorities in it, so no authority penetrates over another.
As for why we want civil government with the definition I mentioned? This is because “the alternation of power, the oversight of state institutions, and the balance between powers” is the protector of individuals and their rights mentioned in the constitution. The possibility of devolving power puts every ruler before the moment when he leaves the government and the account of the masses.
Yes, there are dictatorial regimes that have achieved developmental breakthroughs, but they are the exception, and the utopia of a just dictator who, despite his long rule, does not take him in the intoxication of power and thinks that he is above the law is unstable.
Their colleague said: So any system of government that achieves this is a good system of government.
I said yes.
Another said: What is the opposite of the modern civil state?
I said: The opposite of civil rule is religious rule that uses religion and belief to achieve political powers, and does not recognize citizenship except for those who adhere to their religion. It is a dictatorship armed with religion.
The other opposite is the dictatorship, which is armed with a humanistic ideology

Overwhelmed by the people, as was the communist regime, which failed and collapsed and fell.
And the third opposite is any dictatorial regime that armed with intimidation of the people to impose the will of a group of them to rule.
The three have one thing in common, which is that power is not transferred peacefully in this country except through revolutions, coups, demolition and assassinations.
The educated young woman said: Do you avoid talking about the military state, Doctor?
I said: No, my daughter, the definition of military rule is not of mine, for it is the rule in which the military take over all powers and suspend civil laws or subject them to their control. It is an exceptional system that countries resort to in case of emergency crises and disruption of security, in which a state of emergency is decided permanently until the danger is removed from the country and the executive authority is granted broad powers until security and stability return to the country.
But there is another definition of military rule, which is enveloped in civilian clothing. It is the ruling that directly or indirectly prevents civilians from reaching power, and aborts partisan and political work so that the civil forces have no value in the elections, and it interferes with civilian rule by controlling civil institutions, so the affairs of the country do not proceed or a decision is taken without their consent, and the balance is disturbed between the authorities, and the marginalization of all state institutions. The danger is that over time, the argument for staying in power and stopping the transfer of power becomes linked to the absence or inefficiency of an alternative, which is the natural result of the marginalization of civil state institutions.
Society often loses its confidence in civil institutions, and a feeling and certainty is generated that civil society is lax without a system and is not fit to run the country.
All of this may happen in a country, or some of it, and events may lead to it.. But history says that all dictatorial regimes, no matter how accomplished in moments, are like building a sand castle on the beach, often ending in violations of freedoms, coups, wars or revolutions. Or assassinations that destroy what has been accomplished, and return the country to ground zero again.
The first young man said: What about Egypt?
I said: The only way to sustain the success of any system of government is clarity of vision, allowing the accumulation of experiences, the rotation of power, and respect for freedoms within the framework of the law.

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Dr. Badrawi delivers an online symposium at Nile University on the university’s role in the future

Dr. Hossam Badrawi — Sat, 12 Dec 2020 00:02:55 +0000

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Dr. Badrawi holds a discussion session for IDU faculty members on the Professional Diploma Program for Egyptology.

Dr. Hossam Badrawi — Wed, 09 Dec 2020 16:13:43 +0000

Dr. Badrawi holds a discussion session for IDU faculty members on the Professional Diploma Program for Egyptology.
Prof. Hossam Badrawi received at the headquarters of the Association for the Dissemination of Culture and Knowledge a group of professors and faculty members at The International Digital University, led by Dr. Zahi Hawass, to discuss the final stages of launching the university and the unprecedented professional diploma in Egyptology.
Dr. Badrawi had also announced earlier the announcement of the launch of a smart company to provide distance education service, which aims to provide an interactive electronic platform for distance education for Egyptian students and around the world at a global level, in cooperation with UNINETTUNO University in Italy, and New York State University in the United States, which are institutions A pioneer in the field of digital education.
Dr. Badrawi says that digital education will be the primary in the future because it solves many challenges such as the number of students in traditional education, as it will be less expensive and save students the expenses of transportation or travel, in addition to saving time and overcoming geographical barriers.
Students participating so far in the Diploma in Egyptology come from all over the world.
Dr. Reham Mohsen, the Executive Director of the project, presented to the audience the final stages that the university has reached for launching from next year, whether at the technological or executive level.
Dr. Zahi Hawass praised the experience and spoke about the Egyptology curricula that will be taught in it, and that it will be a comprehensive course that will add a lot to students applying to the university, whether Egyptians or from different countries of the world.
The meeting was attended by Dr. Tarek Tawfik, program coordinator and assistant professor of Archeology and Ancient Egyptian Civilization, Faculty of Archeology, Cairo University
And Prof. Dr. Ola El-Ajezy, Professor of Ancient Egyptian Language, Faculty of Archeology, Cairo University
And Professor Dr. Sahar Salem, expert in scanning the pharaonic mummies, and professor of radiology at the Faculty of Medicine at Cairo University
And Prof. Dr. Mona Raafat, Professor of History, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Helwan University
And Dr. Osama Abdel-Warth, museum expert and director of the Children’s Museum in Heliopolis
Dr. Sarah Abd Rabbo is a teacher at the Faculty of Applied Arts, Benha University

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respect for the constitution

Dr. Hossam Badrawi — Wed, 09 Dec 2020 00:01:22 +0000

The young man, a graduate of business administration, said to me: What is the difference, Doctor, between organizing and setting work rules, and actually managing and controlling work?

I said: Your question has the answer.. In the Arabic language and Arab culture the matter is mixed in the minds. For example, the state is the main school education service provider, and the private, investment and international sector provides educational service to no more than ten percent of the students.. As for higher education, universities and higher institutes, the state has a different role.. The state here is a regulator of educational service because according to the constitution, universities run themselves independently. within a regulatory framework set by the state.

The difference is very big from the state’s role in pre-university education and the state’s role in higher education.. If the state intervenes in the management of universities, whether governmental, civil or private, it is outside the scope of its organizational role referred to in the constitution and stipulated in the Egypt 2030 strategy, and at the same time If the state abandons its role in providing pre-university education service in schools, it is also violating the provisions of the constitution.

The smart young man said: Most of the people do not know the texts of the constitution in the first place, Doctor….

His colleague said: Were all the provisions of the constitution issued with complementary laws that they apply?

I said: Why don’t you search for yourself!!! Let us look at the texts of the constitution and discuss what is being implemented from them, and what laws have been passed to implement them.

The young researcher said: Let’s look at education, then health, and follow up in every dialogue other topics referred to in the constitution. From it, we direct the new members of Parliament to it, and from it we raise the level of society’s knowledge of the constitution of his country.

I said: Great idea… The articles of the constitution that talk about education and the mandates issued in Egypt’s 2030 vision around them are as follows, and I will divide the article into parts and leave you questions about what has been implemented and what has not been done 6 years after the issuance of the constitution.

Article 19

Education is a right for every citizen. Its goal is to build the Egyptian character, preserve the national identity, consolidate the scientific method of thinking, develop talents and encourage innovation, consolidate cultural and spiritual values, and establish the concepts of citizenship, tolerance and non-discrimination. to international quality standards.

2- Education is compulsory until the end of the secondary stage or its equivalent, and the state guarantees free education in its various stages in the state’s educational institutions, in accordance with the law.

3- The state commits to allocating a percentage of government spending for education that is no less than 4% of the gross national product, to gradually increase until it matches international rates.

The state supervises it to ensure that all public and private schools and institutes comply with its educational policies.

Article 20

4- The state is obligated to encourage and develop technical and technical education and vocational training, and to expand its types, in accordance with international quality standards, and in line with the needs of the labor market.

Article 21

5- The state guarantees the independence of universities and scientific and linguistic academies, and provides university education in accordance with international quality standards, and works to develop university education.

6- It is guaranteed free of charge in state universities and institutes, in accordance with the law.

7- The state commits to allocating a percentage of government spending for university education that is no less than 2% of the gross national product, which will gradually increase until it matches international rates.

8- The state encourages the establishment of non-profit private universities.

9- The state is committed to ensuring the quality of education in private and private universities and its commitment to international quality standards.

10- Preparing its cadres of faculty members and researchers, and allocating a sufficient percentage of its revenues to develop the educational and research process.

Article 22

11- Teachers, faculty members and their assistants, the basic pillar of education. The state guarantees the development of their scientific competencies and professional skills, and the care of their material and moral rights, in a way that guarantees the quality of education and the achievement of its objectives.

Article 23

12- The state guarantees the freedom of scientific research and encourages its institutions, as a means of achieving national sovereignty and building a knowledge economy. It sponsors researchers and inventors, and allocates for it a percentage of government spending that is no less than 1% of the gross national product, which gradually increases until it matches global rates.

13- The state also guarantees ways for the effective contribution of the private and civil sectors and the contribution of Egyptians abroad to the renaissance of scientific research.

Article 24

14- The Arabic language, religious education and national history in all its stages are basic subjects in public and private pre-university education. Universities work to teach human rights and professional values and ethics for various scientific disciplines.

15- The state commits to developing a comprehensive plan to eliminate alphabetic and digital illiteracy among citizens of all ages, and commits to developing mechanisms for its implementation with the participation of civil society institutions, according to a specific time plan.

Egypt’s Vision 2030 in education, which was announced by the President of the Republic, states that it must be adhered to on:

1- The first axis: high-quality education available to all without discrimination.

2- The second axis: creating an efficient, fair and sustainable institutional framework for managing education, research and development.

3- The third axis: technological empowerment of students and teachers, school administration and the development of teaching aids.

4- The fourth axis: building the integrated personality of the student to become a normal citizen, proud of himself, enlightened, creative, proud of his country’s history, passionate about building its future, capable of difference and capable of pluralism.

5- The fifth axis: the graduate should be an initiative, able to adapt to changing circumstances around him, create new job opportunities, and compete with his peers regionally and globally.

This vision governs any policies in education. In brief, with regard to higher education, these are the ten policies of its renaissance:

First: Reframing the state’s responsibilities towards the higher education system, its universities and institutes.

Second: Expansion of the higher education system to meet the needs of new students according to a specific and declared vision that includes technical education and training

yep professional..

Third: A radical reorganization of educational institutions with the aim of improving quality and reaching the international levels we choose.

Fourth: Developing a multi- and flexible system that conforms to development needs, communicates and is open to international movements concerned with improving and modernizing global and local teaching and research methods.

Fifth: A massive and integrated move as a basis for placing scientific research and its activities as a life component in higher education institutions.

Sixth: Developing the dynamic relationship between higher education institutions and the labor market.

Seventh: Commitment to academic and institutional integrity, and to clarify this in the mission statement of each educational institution so that it should reflect the values of honesty, accountability and responsibility as basic values, as well as respect for scientific honesty and freedom, in addition to principles that respect equal opportunities and pluralism.

Eighth: Integrating technology and digital culture into the consciousness of students and faculty members with a clear priority that does not allow for retreat and expansion of distance education as part of blended education, but rather to allow specialized and independent institutions for distance education and its expansion within the framework of international quality guarantees in this type of education.

Ninth: The governance of higher education institutions management, and the efficiency of their organization.

Tenth: Developing a climate for higher education in sports, the arts, teamwork, and communication in society to build a human being who is only capable of pluralism, possesses the skills of the twenty-first century, is globally competitive and has the tolerance of disagreement with the other without intolerance or violence.

Once again, I stress that the state’s responsibility towards higher education should continue, but in a different form and form than it was over the course of several years. We believe that higher education must be liberated from: government domination, a situation that has stained universities with the coloration of political currents over a long period of time..

The government’s commitment to higher education does not mean that all higher education institutions should be owned and managed by the government. This is a situation in which all cultural corruption latent in the public sector is transferred and practiced to these institutions to varying degrees. Also, the trend towards encouraging private universities must be within the framework of their global definition, and not be another form of government education with expenses that deviate from the philosophy of society in higher education characterized by equal opportunities and not a spin around free education. Likewise, such institutions must be run, from my point of view, by independent councils, with a quadruple representation of the state, civil society, academia, and the private sector. It is a concept that can be developed and the addition of other stakeholders in different forms, and the representation ratios may also need to be discussed to ensure a relative balance between these parties..

Let us discuss the constitutional obligations and what is being implemented in the next article.

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Paintings drawn by Dr. Badrawi in 2020

Dr. Hossam Badrawi — Thu, 03 Dec 2020 20:51:35 +0000

The post Paintings drawn by Dr. Badrawi in 2020 appeared first on Dr. Hossam Badrawi.

Freedom and democracy… What if?!

Dr. Hossam Badrawi — Wed, 02 Dec 2020 17:58:28 +0000

Freedom and democracy… What if?!

I always look and examine what my mind wrote at different times in the past to get to know the changes that took place in my thinking, and the reality of the circumstances of this time in order to learn, and to make the acquired experience more valuable.

Today, and next week, I will share with the reader two articles, written and published in 2010, before the January revolution, and the last one published in 2017. So let’s read and compare without sensitivity, for the two articles were actually published in their time, and their ideas were accepted under the regime of former President Mubarak and the regime of President Sisi. I will begin with my 2010 article entitled “Freedom and Democracy… What If?” The article says 2010.

During my political experience over the past twenty years, my thoughts continued and my sentiments settled on the priority and inevitability of democracy as a path for Egypt to renaissance and development. However, during the last five years, in the context of a rich and inspiring experience in the field of human rights inside and outside Egypt, a big question arose in my mind: What if?

What if Egypt achieved the implementation of the main axis of democracy in free and fair elections, as the political elite in the opposition say, who emphasize the word “real” to differentiate between the appearance of democracy that is drawn by the procedures of legislative, local, and presidential elections on time, and the controversy over its integrity and credibility, and the repetition of the desire for fairness Elections and the rights of citizens to stand for election, vote and choose without pressure of money, violence or government influence on the voters who cast their votes, with a very small percentage that makes the elections not representative of the opinion of society, but rather the opinion of no more than twenty percent in the official declaration, and five percent in The conscience of society, regardless of the proof or accuracy of that.

What if the elections were 100 percent fair, and what if the number of voters doubled, and what if millions of Egyptians abroad cast their votes? Will this fulfill our hopes and reach our goals?

What if the elections produced a fanatic or narrow-minded majority that did not recognize the rights of the Copts, for example, or make women an awrah that should be hidden? What if the elections produced a religious regime that would return Egypt to a square that the Egyptian people had skipped since the beginning of the Enlightenment era, which was led and revived by thinkers who belong to religious knowledge The most tolerant and open ones, such as Muhammad Abdo and those who preceded him and followed him from among the imams of thought and enlightenment such as Taha Hussein, Al-Akkad, Ahmed Lotfy Al-Sayed, and before and after them, Rafa’a Al-Tahtawi, Qassem Amin, Mustafa Kamel, Muhammad Farid, Saad Zaghloul and others who are not able to be mentioned in a single article by name.

What if the election system produced a mixture of that and this.. Will Egypt really achieve the pillar of the Renaissance? This is a very important issue, and a political elite argues about it, saying that this is the scarecrow used by the state and the ruling party to bury the idea of transferring power and continuing to rig elections in favor of one group that has been ruling for more than thirty years.. Free and fair elections framework, so be it!

The truth that we must be aware of is that the West, in the context of a cumulative historical development, has integrated democracy and freedom together, and the two elements of liberal democracy have become intertwined and harmonious in the conscience of these peoples in a political fabric that cannot be separated from one another…

As for our world, let us admit that democracy, talk about it, and battles around it flourish, but freedoms deteriorate and that our call for democracy is incomplete and may even be catastrophic if the flourishing of freedoms and the separation of powers is not integrated into its fabric.. The illiberal democracy brought Adolf Hitler, even if it was Free and fair elections were held in Iraq during the days of Saddam Hussein, they would have – in my view – brought him, and if Gamal Abdel Nasser had conducted free and fair elections, then certainly the Egyptian people would have chosen him, and each of these leaders did not respect the freedoms or rights of citizens by calling for the protection of society, and each of them It ended in a national disaster, and let’s look at history, and we will find many other examples. The elections in many third world countries did not lead to a significant improvement in the situation, but rather may lead to a great control of regimes that are more reactionary than under the already existing dictatorships.

Is the fear of turning into a false democracy, or the transformation of a beautiful dream into a nightmare, chaos, violence and new forms of tyranny! It prevents us from dreaming of freedom.

Why does this concern pop up in my mind when I find this large number of developing countries in great difficulties to create stable societies.. and how can we in Egypt be sure of our success in the transition that we are qualified for..

There is no doubt that free and fair elections are the essence of democracy, and a necessary and inescapable condition for it. They may produce inefficient and short-sighted governments, and governments may be unable to adopt policies that advance society… However, all of this makes them inefficient governments, but it does not make them undemocratic. It remains that in this case it is possible to happen in Egypt, and in other countries that are transitioning to democratic regimes, to raise the most important question, which is: Where is the deterrent, so that democracy does not lead to mob rule that ends with military coups to ensure the stability of the country at the expense of freedoms..

In the West, deep-rooted traditions have taken root in protecting the individual’s autonomy and dignity from coercion regardless of its source, whether from the state, the church, or even the majority of society, within a framework that protects minority rights and liberties because it is based on a marriage between democracy and freedom.

As for us, these axioms are still unstable, not in the conscience of rulers or even individuals, within the framework of an educational and cultural system that does not develop this orientation, nor does it make it stable in the societal conscience..

We have no clear institutional framework that prevents those who sit on the throne of government, even if they come with a free and fair popular will, or any government that comes within the framework of a real parliamentary majority, from crossing the bridge using the election box, then to tyranny with freedoms and staying in power by calling for public interest and stability within the framework of an ideological view private or pooled interests

It is not agreed upon or a religious framework that imposes on society a specific culture and prevents pluralism and citizenship.

What do we do to make our call for democracy a call for freedom and the protection of the rights of individuals.. and how to guide the effects of free and fair elections if they bring about a new dictatorship or chaos in which interests are conflicting…

Freedom is the guarantee, not represented by chaos, but by a measure of order. We need guidelines and restrictions.. The real security of freedom depends on the strength of some protective walls that protect it.. This is what produced modern liberal democracy through the accumulation of years that we cannot wait for in our countries.

We must restore the balance between democracy and freedom, as democratic societies need guiding parameters to address this possible possibility.

It starts from three concepts, the first of which without hesitation is justice and the firm application of the law, without selectivity, and to think of the law as the wise restrictions that make citizens free, and the lack of any authority whatsoever, and whatever the degree of integrity of the one who brought it, to continue to rule under any circumstances For more than a specified period, even if the constitution protects society from any ruling regime from amending it in favor of its survival, infringing on the rights of citizens, or excluding them from exercising their rights.

The second is that democracy and freedom as an essential condition in not moving to chaos, governed by the application of justice and serious development within the institution of justice to ensure the right, and eliminate corruption within its framework, not from a political or ideological standpoint, but from a neutral standpoint to protect Egypt from the next shot.

I can only end this part of my article on democracy and freedom by emphasizing the third axis, which is education, as it remains the main and basic axis for building a person who is able to see the future from this perspective. It is something that I will discuss and I will continue to fight for, regardless of the obstacles and challenges.

And we’ll continue next week with a treatment from the 2017 article

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Dr. Badrawi meets with young people in a symposium at the Supreme Council of Culture about his book on a coffee shop “The Dreamers of Tomorrow”

Dr. Hossam Badrawi — Tue, 01 Dec 2020 17:56:18 +0000

Dr. Badrawi meets with young people in a symposium at the Supreme Council of Culture about his book on his coffee shop “The Dreamers of Tomorrow” and his collection of articles on values in a symposium that discusses youth values and social media.
On a wonderful evening, Prof. Dr. Hossam Badrawi gave a speech to a large group of youth in the Supreme Council of Culture at the Opera House under the patronage of the Minister of Culture, Dr. Enas Abdel-Dayem, and under the supervision of Dr. Hisham Azmy – Secretary-General of the Supreme Council of Culture and director / Ahmed El-Sayed – Rapporteur of the Youth Committee of the Council
The symposium entitled “Youth Values between Reality and Social Media.” The symposium was moderated by Prof. Mona El-Hadidi – Professor of Sociology at the Faculty of Arts, Helwan University, with the participation of Prof. Ahmed Zayed – Professor of Political Sociology, Member of the Egyptian Senate.
During his interactive speech with young people, Dr. Badrawi pointed out the importance of values in our lives and the importance of redefining values to match reality
He stressed the role of social media in changing our lives, which requires us to have a greater ability to choose and test what is presented to us so that it is useful to society and not the other way around.
In response to a question from a young man about happiness, Dr. Badrawi said, “What you do not search for, you will not find it, and we have to search for our happiness. Some are happy in achievement and some are happy in making others happy and giving, and some are happy to read the book of the first meeting with family and friends, and some have happy genes and see beauty around them.” And he realizes the blessings of God upon him, so he is thankful and happy.
In response to a question about the difference between pleasure and happiness, Dr. Badrawi explained that pleasure is linked to a high percentage of the hormone dopamine, and is short-term, while happiness is long-term, and linked to the hormone serotonin.
They are two different cases.
Pleasure is sensory, but happiness is emotional, psychological and mental.
Pleasure, including sex and the moment of winning or getting money, can be part of a greater, broader and more comprehensive happiness, but it is not happiness itself.
We can buy pleasure, but we cannot buy happiness. And pleasure can turn into an addiction, but happiness is a state of health that makes a person better, and sees in others a favor.
There are people who have a high level of serotonin, which is hereditary, and their genes give them this predisposition to happiness like me. But each one can work on himself to generate this hormone by thinking positively.
Pleasure is mostly taking only, but happiness is giving and taking, and what you do for others may be the source of your happiness.
I seek happiness and the happiness of those around me.
I am a man who thank God for my optimistic genes.
It is worth noting that to increase the number of attendees, they were divided in another hall and follow the symposium via video, and the symposium was broadcast live on the page of the Supreme Council of Culture and the page of Dr. Hossam Badrawi
At the end of the speech, Dr. Badrawi received the youth’s questions and an important discussion took place about his inspiring lecture, which lasted for nearly three hours, amid interaction between him and the audience.

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