{"id":12952,"date":"2025-10-31T18:52:12","date_gmt":"2025-10-31T16:52:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/%d9%87%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ba%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%81%d9%8a\/"},"modified":"2025-11-03T19:03:04","modified_gmt":"2025-11-03T17:03:04","slug":"can-the-ancient-egyptian-language-hieroglyphic-be-spoken-or-is-it-only-readable-research-by-hossam-badrawi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/can-the-ancient-egyptian-language-hieroglyphic-be-spoken-or-is-it-only-readable-research-by-hossam-badrawi\/","title":{"rendered":"Can the ancient Egyptian language (Hieroglyphic) be spoken, or is it only readable? Research by Hossam Badrawi"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n

Commenting on the song posted in the launch video of the Grand Egyptian Museum in the hieroglyphic language, I researched the matter, because according to my previous understanding it is a language that can be read and understood only, but not spoken. What I reached is the following:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    Where did our understanding of reading hieroglyphics come from?
    \nDeciphering hieroglyphic writing was made possible thanks to the Rosetta Stone (1799), which contained the same text in three scripts:
    \nHieroglyphic \u2013 Demotic \u2013 Greek.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Since the Greek text was known, Champollion in 1822 was able to decipher hieroglyphic symbols and understand how to read the signs and their meanings.<\/p>\n

    Thus, we now know:
    \n\u2022 Word meanings
    \u2022 Grammar and morphology
    \u2022 Sentence structure, pronouns, verbs<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      What about pronunciation?
      \nPronunciation is the mysterious part.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Ancient Egyptian was not written with letters fully representing sounds as we do today. Instead:
      \u2022 Vowels were omitted (like early Arabic)
      \u2022 Some sounds were written partially or inferred from context
      \u2022 Some symbols were symbolic or pictorial, not fully phonetic<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \n

        Attempts to approximate pronunciation:
        \nEgyptologists tried to reconstruct pronunciation by comparing ancient Egyptian with:
        \u2022 Coptic (the last phase of Egyptian, still used in the Coptic Church)
        \u2022 Ancient Semitic and African languages<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Thanks to this, we now have an academically accepted approximate pronunciation \u2014 but it remains hypothetical.<\/p>\n

        Summary:
        \n\u2022 Hieroglyphic is fully readable and understood in meaning
        \u2022 But its pronunciation is partially unknown, and what we use today is a standardized approximate form created by scholars<\/p>\n

        Example:
        \n\ud80c\udc8b\ud80c\ude16\ud80c\udc9d\ud80c\udc00
        Latin transliteration: r n \u02bf<\/p>\n

        The word is \u201cRa\u201d \u2014 the sun god.
        Literal meaning: \u201csun\u201d or \u201cdivine light.\u201d<\/p>\n

        Pronunciation:
        \n\ud80c\udc8b = r
        \ud80c\ude16 = n
        \ud80c\udc9d = a pharyngeal sound like \u02bf (ayn)<\/p>\n

        Since vowels were not written, scholars read it as \u201cRa.\u201d<\/p>\n

        Another example:
        \n\ud80c\udd53\ud80c\udc8b\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\ude96
        m r t
        Meaning: \u201cMeret\u201d \u2014 a woman\u2019s name meaning \u201cbeloved\u201d or \u201cdesired.\u201d<\/p>\n

        Pronounced today as Meret, though ancient Egyptians probably pronounced it differently.<\/p>\n

        Key Notes:
        \n\u2022 We use Latin letters to reconstruct pronunciation (transliteration)
        \u2022 Letters like \u201ce\u201d are added for ease of modern reading
        \u2022 Coptic helps estimate ancient vowels<\/p>\n

        Example phrase from ancient inscriptions:<\/p>\n

        \u201cGreetings to you, O Ra\u201d<\/p>\n

        Hieroglyphic:
        \n\ud80c\uddcb\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\ude16 \ud80c\udc9d\ud80c\udc8b\ud80c\udfe4<\/p>\n

        Transliteration:
        \ni\u0357tn \u02bf r\u02bf<\/p>\n

        Approximate pronunciation:
        \n\u201cIten Ra\u201d
        Or in modern Egyptian tone: \u201cIten Ra\u2018\u201d<\/p>\n

        Meaning:
        \n\ud80c\uddcb\ud80c\udfcf\ud80c\ude16 (i\u0357tn) = \u201cgreeting\u201d or \u201csunlight\u201d
        \ud80c\udc9d\ud80c\udc8b\ud80c\udfe4 (\u02bfr\u02bf) = \u201cRa\u201d<\/p>\n

        Cultural Notes:
        \nThis phrase appeared often on:
        \u2022 Temple walls
        \u2022 Tomb prayer texts
        \u2022 Statues of kings and priests<\/p>\n

        Direction of writing today:
        \nShould the sentence now be written right-to-left or top-to-bottom as the ancient Egyptians originally did, where direction also had artistic and symbolic meaning?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Commenting on the song posted in the launch video of the Grand Egyptian Museum in the hieroglyphic language, I researched the matter, because according to my previous understanding it is a language that can be read and understood only, but not spoken. What I reached is the following: Where did our understanding of reading hieroglyphics …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12960,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[208,103,16,197],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12952","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2025-collective-articles","category-all-articles","category-articles-by-dr-badrawi","category-translated-articles"],"yoast_head":"\nCan the ancient Egyptian language (Hieroglyphic) be spoken, or is it only readable? 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He is the former head of the Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University. He conducted his post graduate studies from 1979 till 1981 in the United States. He was elected as a member of the Egyptian Parliament and chairman of the Education and Scientific Research Committee in the Parliament from 2000 till 2005. As a politician, Dr. Hossam Badrawi was known for his independent stances. His integrity won the consensus of all people from various political trends. During the era of former president Hosni Mubarak he was called The Rationalist in the National Democratic Party NDP because his political calls and demands were consistent to a great extent with calls for political and democratic reform in Egypt. He was against extending the state of emergency and objected to the National Democratic Party's unilateral constitutional amendments during the January 25, 2011 revolution. 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Research by Hossam Badrawi"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/","name":"Dr. Hossam Badrawi","description":"Official Website","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/71dac15488abcc9dd96527db12aee32a"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/71dac15488abcc9dd96527db12aee32a","name":"Dr. Hossam Badrawi","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/dr.-hossam-logo-e1762983997572.png","url":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/dr.-hossam-logo-e1762983997572.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/dr.-hossam-logo-e1762983997572.png","width":526,"height":272,"caption":"Dr. Hossam Badrawi"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/dr.-hossam-logo-e1762983997572.png"},"description":"He is a politician, intellect, and prominent physician. He is the former head of the Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University. He conducted his post graduate studies from 1979 till 1981 in the United States. He was elected as a member of the Egyptian Parliament and chairman of the Education and Scientific Research Committee in the Parliament from 2000 till 2005. As a politician, Dr. Hossam Badrawi was known for his independent stances. His integrity won the consensus of all people from various political trends. During the era of former president Hosni Mubarak he was called The Rationalist in the National Democratic Party NDP because his political calls and demands were consistent to a great extent with calls for political and democratic reform in Egypt. He was against extending the state of emergency and objected to the National Democratic Party's unilateral constitutional amendments during the January 25, 2011 revolution. He played a very important political role when he defended, from the very first beginning of the revolution, the demonstrators' right to call for their demands. He called on the government to listen and respond to their demands. Consequently and due to Dr. Badrawi's popularity, Mubarak appointed him as the NDP Secretary General thus replacing the members of the Bureau of the Commission. During that time, Dr. Badrawi expressed his political opinion to Mubarak that he had to step down. He had to resign from the party after 5 days of his appointment on February 10 when he declared his political disagreement with the political leadership in dealing with the demonstrators who called for handing the power to the Muslim Brotherhood. Therefore, from the very first moment his stance was clear by rejecting a religion-based state which he considered as aiming to limit the Egyptians down to one trend. He considered deposed president Mohamed Morsi's decision to bring back the People's Assembly as a reinforcement of the US-supported dictatorship. He was among the first to denounce the incursion of Morsi's authority over the judicial authority, condemning the Brotherhood militias' blockade of the Supreme Constitutional Court. Dr. Hossam supported the Tamarod movement in its beginning and he declared that toppling the Brotherhood was a must and a pressing risk that had to be taken few months prior to the June 30 revolution and confirmed that the army would support the legitimacy given by the people","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/hossambadrawi\/","https:\/\/x.com\/HossamBadrawi"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12952","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12952"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12952\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12963,"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12952\/revisions\/12963"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12960"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12952"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12952"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12952"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}