{"id":13854,"date":"2026-05-13T23:04:20","date_gmt":"2026-05-13T21:04:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/?p=13854"},"modified":"2026-05-13T23:04:20","modified_gmt":"2026-05-13T21:04:20","slug":"hossam-badrawi-writes-for-al-masry-al-youm-dna-and-beyond-between-science-and-philosophy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/hossam-badrawi-writes-for-al-masry-al-youm-dna-and-beyond-between-science-and-philosophy\/","title":{"rendered":"Hossam Badrawi Writes for Al-Masry Al-Youm: DNA and Beyond: Between Science and Philosophy"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"xdj266r x14z9mp xat24cr x1lziwak x1vvkbs x126k92a\">\n<div dir=\"auto\">\n<div class=\"xdj266r x14z9mp xat24cr x1lziwak x1vvkbs x126k92a\">\n<div dir=\"auto\">\n<div class=\"x14z9mp xat24cr x1lziwak x1vvkbs xtlvy1s x126k92a\">\n<div dir=\"auto\">\n<div class=\"xdj266r x14z9mp xat24cr x1lziwak x1vvkbs x126k92a\">\n<div dir=\"auto\">\n<div class=\"xdj266r x14z9mp xat24cr x1lziwak x1vvkbs x126k92a\">\n<div dir=\"auto\">\n<div class=\"xdj266r x14z9mp xat24cr x1lziwak x1vvkbs x126k92a\">\n<div dir=\"auto\">\n<h2 data-section-id=\"1tx9e0u\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"51\">DNA and Beyond: Between Science and Philosophy<\/h2>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1culwv0\" data-start=\"52\" data-end=\"78\">Genetics &amp; Epigenetics<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"80\" data-end=\"448\">DNA, translated into Arabic as <em data-start=\"111\" data-end=\"137\">\u201cdeoxyribonucleic acid,\u201d<\/em> is commonly referred to simply as the genetic material. Its full English name is <strong data-start=\"219\" data-end=\"244\">Deoxyribonucleic Acid<\/strong>. It is the hereditary material found inside the cells of living organisms, carrying the genetic instructions responsible for building the body, regulating its functions, and determining inherited traits.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"450\" data-end=\"844\">To simplify the idea: DNA can be imagined as a vast library of instructions, the code of life, or the biological blueprint of a living being. It is composed of a precise arrangement of four chemical units that resemble \u201cletters\u201d forming the language of genetics. These four units are called <strong data-start=\"741\" data-end=\"762\">nitrogenous bases<\/strong>, the fundamental letters with which the \u201clanguage of life\u201d is written within DNA.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"846\" data-end=\"1094\">Where does the miracle lie? Not in the letters themselves, but in their arrangement. Just as rearranging letters creates different words, and changing words creates different meanings, rearranging the letters of DNA creates different forms of life.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1096\" data-end=\"1512\">For a long time, humanity lived captive to an idea that seemed both scientific and logical: that genes were the ultimate rulers of our lives, and that whatever was written within our cells constituted an unavoidable destiny. If someone inherited a disease, they surrendered to it. If they were born with a particular psychological or physical predisposition, they accepted it as though it were an inescapable decree.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1514\" data-end=\"1622\">But science itself\u2014the very force that created this old certainty\u2014has now returned to shake it at its roots.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1624\" data-end=\"1911\">The field of <strong data-start=\"1637\" data-end=\"1652\">Epigenetics<\/strong>, or \u201cwhat lies above genes,\u201d emerged to tell us something astonishing: genes are not always destiny; they are possibility. DNA is not a closed text, but a living book whose pages may be opened or sealed according to how we live, think, eat, love, and suffer.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1913\" data-end=\"2057\">Scientists discovered that humans inherit not only genes, but also \u201cthe way those genes are activated.\u201d Here begins the intellectual revolution.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2059\" data-end=\"2317\">A human cell contains thousands of genes, yet not all of them function at the same time. Some genes are activated, others silenced, and some remain dormant until specific conditions awaken them. Who decides this? This is where epigenetics enters the picture.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2319\" data-end=\"2501\">It is an extraordinarily complex system of chemical signals influenced by nutrition, psychological stress, love, fear, exercise, pollution, and even feelings of safety or oppression.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2503\" data-end=\"2564\">In other words, life itself intervenes in how genes are read.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2566\" data-end=\"2681\">Genes are like piano keys, while epigenetics is the pianist deciding which keys are played and which remain silent.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2683\" data-end=\"2964\">This discovery changes not only medicine, but also our entire understanding of the human being. Humans are no longer viewed as biological machines merely executing hereditary commands, but as living beings who participate\u2014at least partially\u2014in shaping their own biological destiny.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2966\" data-end=\"3295\">Studies have shown that two individuals carrying the same genetic predisposition for a disease may follow entirely different paths. One may become ill while the other remains healthy. Not because their genes differ, but because their psychological environment, lifestyle, and life experiences influence their <strong data-start=\"3275\" data-end=\"3294\">gene expression<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3297\" data-end=\"3563\">Even deep emotional trauma\u2014or profound love\u2014can leave measurable biological traces. Some scientists even believe that the effects of severe experiences may sometimes pass across generations, not by altering genes themselves, but by altering how those genes function.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3565\" data-end=\"3644\">At this point, the human mind encounters a breathtaking philosophical question:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3646\" data-end=\"3879\">If life experiences can reshape gene expression, then to what extent is a human being a participant in the making of the self? Are we prisoners of what we were born with, or do we possess a hidden ability to reshape our inner future?<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3881\" data-end=\"4080\">This does not mean, of course, that willpower alone can cure everything, nor that science has become a promoter of na\u00efve fantasies. Genetics is real. Disease is real. The limits of the body are real.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4082\" data-end=\"4256\">But the new truth is that heredity is not always a final verdict; rather, it is the beginning of a dialogue between the individual, the self, and the surrounding environment.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4258\" data-end=\"4289\">Here, biology meets philosophy.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4291\" data-end=\"4556\">Complete surrender to what is \u201cgenetically predetermined\u201d may itself be a form of intellectual and spiritual passivity, because the human being is not merely a chemical code, but a living entity interacting with the world, influencing it and being influenced by it.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4558\" data-end=\"4821\">We cannot change the genes we were born with, but we can sometimes change the way they function. And that difference is enormous. It is the difference between seeing oneself as a prisoner and seeing oneself as an open project capable of growth and transformation.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4823\" data-end=\"4991\">True science does not tell people: <em data-start=\"4858\" data-end=\"4888\">\u201cSurrender to what you are.\u201d<\/em><br data-start=\"4888\" data-end=\"4891\" \/>It tells them: <em data-start=\"4906\" data-end=\"4991\">\u201cUnderstand yourself, then strive to become the best possible version of yourself.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4993\" data-end=\"5175\">In <strong data-start=\"4996\" data-end=\"5017\">quantum mechanics<\/strong>, the behavior of subatomic particles such as electrons sometimes appears wave-like and sometimes particle-like, depending on whether they are being observed.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5177\" data-end=\"5270\">From this emerged a philosophical idea: could the observer be part of shaping reality itself?<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5272\" data-end=\"5479\">This question opened the door for philosophers and thinkers to explore profound issues concerning consciousness, perception, the nature of existence, and humanity\u2019s role in \u201crevealing\u201d reality as we know it.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5481\" data-end=\"5751\">This is where the connection to epigenetics becomes intellectually fascinating\u2014not because the two fields are scientifically identical, but because both challenge the same old assumption: the notion of the human being as a passive recipient of a fixed and final reality.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5753\" data-end=\"5910\">In classical genetics, humans were prisoners of their genes. Then epigenetics arrived to say: environment, experience, and life influence how genes function.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5912\" data-end=\"6113\">In classical physics, the universe was viewed as a rigid machine independent of humanity. Then quantum mechanics suggested that the observer is not entirely separate from the phenomenon being observed.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6115\" data-end=\"6170\">From here, one may build a deeply philosophical bridge:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6172\" data-end=\"6320\">Human beings are not merely spectators of the universe or of themselves, but participants\u2014at varying degrees\u2014in shaping the reality they experience.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6322\" data-end=\"6398\">Philosophy says: <em data-start=\"6339\" data-end=\"6398\">\u201cWithout humanity, the universe we know would not exist.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6400\" data-end=\"6719\">This philosophical idea relates to the universe as it is experienced or perceived\u2014something dependent on conscious awareness that observes and interprets it. The physical universe may indeed exist independently, but the <em data-start=\"6620\" data-end=\"6629\">meaning<\/em> and perceived image of the universe only emerge through the presence of a conscious mind.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6721\" data-end=\"7039\">Perhaps the most beautiful conclusion to this reflection is that modern science\u2014from genetics to quantum theory\u2014has begun to weaken the image of the human being as a helpless creature entirely ruled by external forces, and instead reintroduces humanity as a living, interactive element within the network of existence.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7041\" data-end=\"7105\">Not the absolute master of the universe, nor its absolute slave.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7107\" data-end=\"7226\">But a participant in uncovering its possibilities, shaping part of its future, and transforming potential into reality.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7228\" data-end=\"7304\">And this may well be one of the deepest intellectual revolutions of our age.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DNA and Beyond: Between Science and Philosophy Genetics &amp; Epigenetics DNA, translated into Arabic as \u201cdeoxyribonucleic acid,\u201d is commonly referred to simply as the genetic material. Its full English name is Deoxyribonucleic Acid. It is the hereditary material found inside the cells of living organisms, carrying the genetic instructions responsible for building the body, regulating &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13856,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280,103,272,16,197],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13854","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2026-collective-activities-articles","category-all-articles","category-almasry-alyoum","category-articles-by-dr-badrawi","category-translated-articles"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hossam Badrawi Writes for Al-Masry Al-Youm: DNA and Beyond: Between Science and Philosophy - Dr. Hossam Badrawi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/hossam-badrawi-writes-for-al-masry-al-youm-dna-and-beyond-between-science-and-philosophy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hossam Badrawi Writes for Al-Masry Al-Youm: DNA and Beyond: Between Science and Philosophy - Dr. Hossam Badrawi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"DNA and Beyond: Between Science and Philosophy Genetics &amp; Epigenetics DNA, translated into Arabic as \u201cdeoxyribonucleic acid,\u201d is commonly referred to simply as the genetic material. 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He is the former head of the Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University. He conducted his post graduate studies from 1979 till 1981 in the United States. He was elected as a member of the Egyptian Parliament and chairman of the Education and Scientific Research Committee in the Parliament from 2000 till 2005. As a politician, Dr. Hossam Badrawi was known for his independent stances. His integrity won the consensus of all people from various political trends. During the era of former president Hosni Mubarak he was called The Rationalist in the National Democratic Party NDP because his political calls and demands were consistent to a great extent with calls for political and democratic reform in Egypt. He was against extending the state of emergency and objected to the National Democratic Party's unilateral constitutional amendments during the January 25, 2011 revolution. He played a very important political role when he defended, from the very first beginning of the revolution, the demonstrators' right to call for their demands. He called on the government to listen and respond to their demands. Consequently and due to Dr. Badrawi's popularity, Mubarak appointed him as the NDP Secretary General thus replacing the members of the Bureau of the Commission. During that time, Dr. Badrawi expressed his political opinion to Mubarak that he had to step down. He had to resign from the party after 5 days of his appointment on February 10 when he declared his political disagreement with the political leadership in dealing with the demonstrators who called for handing the power to the Muslim Brotherhood. Therefore, from the very first moment his stance was clear by rejecting a religion-based state which he considered as aiming to limit the Egyptians down to one trend. He considered deposed president Mohamed Morsi's decision to bring back the People's Assembly as a reinforcement of the US-supported dictatorship. He was among the first to denounce the incursion of Morsi's authority over the judicial authority, condemning the Brotherhood militias' blockade of the Supreme Constitutional Court. Dr. Hossam supported the Tamarod movement in its beginning and he declared that toppling the Brotherhood was a must and a pressing risk that had to be taken few months prior to the June 30 revolution and confirmed that the army would support the legitimacy given by the people\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/hossambadrawi\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/HossamBadrawi\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Hossam Badrawi Writes for Al-Masry Al-Youm: DNA and Beyond: Between Science and Philosophy - Dr. Hossam Badrawi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/hossam-badrawi-writes-for-al-masry-al-youm-dna-and-beyond-between-science-and-philosophy\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Hossam Badrawi Writes for Al-Masry Al-Youm: DNA and Beyond: Between Science and Philosophy - Dr. Hossam Badrawi","og_description":"DNA and Beyond: Between Science and Philosophy Genetics &amp; Epigenetics DNA, translated into Arabic as \u201cdeoxyribonucleic acid,\u201d is commonly referred to simply as the genetic material. Its full English name is Deoxyribonucleic Acid. 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He is the former head of the Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University. He conducted his post graduate studies from 1979 till 1981 in the United States. He was elected as a member of the Egyptian Parliament and chairman of the Education and Scientific Research Committee in the Parliament from 2000 till 2005. As a politician, Dr. Hossam Badrawi was known for his independent stances. His integrity won the consensus of all people from various political trends. During the era of former president Hosni Mubarak he was called The Rationalist in the National Democratic Party NDP because his political calls and demands were consistent to a great extent with calls for political and democratic reform in Egypt. He was against extending the state of emergency and objected to the National Democratic Party's unilateral constitutional amendments during the January 25, 2011 revolution. He played a very important political role when he defended, from the very first beginning of the revolution, the demonstrators' right to call for their demands. He called on the government to listen and respond to their demands. Consequently and due to Dr. Badrawi's popularity, Mubarak appointed him as the NDP Secretary General thus replacing the members of the Bureau of the Commission. During that time, Dr. Badrawi expressed his political opinion to Mubarak that he had to step down. He had to resign from the party after 5 days of his appointment on February 10 when he declared his political disagreement with the political leadership in dealing with the demonstrators who called for handing the power to the Muslim Brotherhood. Therefore, from the very first moment his stance was clear by rejecting a religion-based state which he considered as aiming to limit the Egyptians down to one trend. He considered deposed president Mohamed Morsi's decision to bring back the People's Assembly as a reinforcement of the US-supported dictatorship. He was among the first to denounce the incursion of Morsi's authority over the judicial authority, condemning the Brotherhood militias' blockade of the Supreme Constitutional Court. Dr. Hossam supported the Tamarod movement in its beginning and he declared that toppling the Brotherhood was a must and a pressing risk that had to be taken few months prior to the June 30 revolution and confirmed that the army would support the legitimacy given by the people","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/hossambadrawi\/","https:\/\/x.com\/HossamBadrawi"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13854","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13854"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13854\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13858,"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13854\/revisions\/13858"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13856"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13854"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13854"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hossambadrawi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13854"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}